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States that allow firearms in sensitive or dangerous places are needlessly endangering the lives of their residents.

Prohibiting the open and concealed carrying of guns in locations such as bars and childcare facilities is a critical step towards saving lives from gun violence. The gun lobby’s efforts to allow guns in more and more places where groups of people gather is a critical threat to public safety.

Background

All states place at least some restrictions on who, how, and where people can carry guns in public. While many states use a licensing process to address who can carry concealed, and in some cases, openly visible guns, all states restrict to varying degrees where licensed and unlicensed individuals may carry firearms.

Typically, states prohibit guns completely or partially in places where the presence of guns is particularly dangerous, such as where people consume alcohol, where tensions can flare, such as at sporting events or airports, or where there is a high danger that the presence of guns might chill First Amendment rights, such as at polling places and legislative buildings.

The gun lobby has claimed that “gun-free zones” invite mass shootings, but this claim has been thoroughly debunked. Since 1966, the overwhelming majority—nearly 90%—of all mass shootings resulting in six or more deaths have occurred wholly or partly in locations where civilian guns were allowed or there was armed security or law enforcement present.1 In fact, one study found that active shootings were 63% less likely to occur in gun-free establishments than in gun-allowing establishments, suggesting that location restrictions may be protective against violence.2

Though many of the areas where states prohibit gun possession are public or government-owned property, some of the sensitive areas described above are private property open to the public. When guns are not particularly or unusually dangerous on private property, states generally allow owners to make decisions about whether or not to allow guns on their property. In recent years, however, state legislatures that are friendly to the gun lobby have begun chipping away at private property owners’ right to prohibit guns on their properties.

Summary of Federal Law

Federal law restricts gun possession on certain types of federal property and near schools, though this is subject to several exceptions:

Federal Facilities: Generally, federal law prohibits a person from knowingly possessing or attempting to possess a firearm in a federal facility, which is defined as “a building or part thereof owned or leased by the Federal Government, where Federal employees are regularly present for the purpose of performing their official duties.”3

Post Offices: Firearms are prohibited on postal property, including parking lots, whether carried openly or concealed.4

Airports and Airplanes: Firearms are prohibited in “sterile areas” of airports, which are those portions of an airport that provide passengers access to boarding aircraft and to which the access generally is controlled by Transportation Security Administration, or by an aircraft operator, through the screening of persons and property.5 Firearms are generally prohibited on airplanes except when an individual is transporting a weapon (except a loaded firearm) in baggage not accessible to a passenger in flight and the air carrier was informed of the presence of the weapon.6

Capitol Building: Federal law prohibits firearms in the federal Capitol building except as authorized by regulations prescribed by the Capitol Police Board.7

K—12 Schools: The Gun-Free School Zones Act (GFSZA) prohibits any person from knowingly possessing a firearm at a place the individual knows, or has reasonable cause to believe, is a “school zone.”8 A school zone is defined as in, or on the grounds of, or within a distance of 1,000 feet from the grounds of, a public, parochial or private school that provides elementary or secondary education.9 However, individuals with state-issued concealed carry permits are not prohibited by the GFSZA from possessing a gun in a school zone. For a more complete discussion of the GFSZA, visit our Guns in Schools Policy Page.8

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Where guns may not be prohibited

In 1983, President Ronald Reagan’s administration implemented regulations that prohibited guns in national parks and national wildlife refuges unless they were packed or kept in a manner that would prevent their ready use, such as being stored in a locked car trunk.10 Reversing that decision in 2008, Oklahoma Senator Tom Coburn inserted an amendment into the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act that prevents the secretary of the interior from making or enforcing any laws that would restrict or prevent the carrying of firearms in national parks or wildlife refuges.

Today, any person may possess, carry, and transport concealed, loaded, and operable firearms within a national park or national wildlife refuge in accordance with the laws of the state in which the park or refuge is located.11

Summary of State Law

All states prohibit the concealed or open carry of handguns or long guns in at least some areas. In many cases, a prohibition on guns in a particular location will apply to guns carried openly or concealed, regardless of whether an individual has a concealed carry permit (CCW). However, some states leave loopholes in which openly carried guns are permissible where concealed guns are not.

For information about state prohibitions on firearms in election-related spaces, such as polling places, please see our policy page on Protecting Democracy.

Government Buildings & Meetings

Some or all guns are off-limits in the following categories of government buildings and meetings in the listed states. For information about firearms in government owned buildings generally, including legislative spaces, such as the statehouse, state offices, local government meetings, and at meetings of the state legislature, please see our policy page on Protecting Democracy.

States that Prohibit Firearms in Airports
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Arkansas12Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
California13Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)14
Connecticut15No statue prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)15
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)17
Florida18Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)19
Georgia20Prohibited beyond security checkpoint
Prohibited beyond security checkpoint
Hawaii21Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois22Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)23
Michigan24Prohibited (passenger terminals only)
Prohibited
Montana25Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nevada26Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New Jersey27Prohibited
Prohibited
New York28Prohibited
Prohibited (handgun only)29
Oregon30Prohibited31
Prohibited
Virginia32Prohibited
Prohibited
As noted above, federal law prohibits firearms in sterile areas of airports. These states go above and beyond federal law by prohibiting firearms in general access areas as well.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Courthouses and Courtrooms
State Concealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama33Prohibited
Prohibited
Arkansas
(Courtrooms only)34
Prohibited
Prohibited
Alaska35Prohibited
Prohibited
California36Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)14
Connecticut15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)37
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)17
Florida38Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)39
Georgia40Prohibited
Prohibited
Hawaii41Prohibited
Prohibited
Idaho42Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Illinois43Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)23
Kansas44Allowed45
Prohibited
Kentucky46Prohibited (certain areas only)47
No statute prohibiting
Louisiana48Prohibited
(Judges exempt within their own courtroom)
No statute prohibiting
Maine49Prohibited
Prohibited
Michigan50Allowed
Prohibited
Minnesota51Allowed
(Must notify sheriff of intention to carry)
Prohibited
Mississippi52Prohibited
(Subject to certain exceptions for judges and CCW permittees)53
No statute prohibiting.
Missouri54Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Montana25Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New Hampshire55Prohibited
Prohibited
New Jersey27Prohibited
Prohibited
New Mexico56Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nebraska57Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nevada58Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New York59Prohibited
Prohibited
North Carolina60Prohibited
Prohibited
(State courthouses)
Ohio61Prohibited
Prohibited
Oklahoma62Prohibited
Prohibited
Oregon63Allowed
Prohibited
Pennsylvania64Prohibited
Prohibited
South Carolina65

Allowed – long guns only66
Allowed – long guns only67
South Dakota (County courthouses only)68Prohibited
Prohibited
Tennessee69
(Only while proceedings are in progress)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Texas70Prohibited
Prohibited
Vermont71Prohibited
Prohibited
Virginia72Prohibited
Prohibited
Washington73Prohibited
Prohibited
West Virginia74Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin75Prohibited
Prohibited
Wyoming (Courtrooms only)76Prohibited
Prohibited
Additional states may prohibit firearms in all government owned buildings, without specifically mentioning courthouses. Please see our policy page on Protecting Democracy.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Law Enforcement Stations or Offices
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama77Prohibited
Prohibited
Arkansas12Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees may be allowed)
Prohibited
California78Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida79Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)39
Hawaii80Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois23See “government owned buildings”
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Kentucky46Prohibited
Allowed
Louisiana81Prohibited
Allowed
Michigan82Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri83Prohibited
Allowed
North Carolina84Prohibited
Allowed
Nebraska85Prohibited
Allowed
Nevada86Prohibited
Allowed
New York59Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio87Prohibited
Allowed
South Carolina65Prohibited
Allowed – Long guns only
Washington88 (Restricted access areas)Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin89Prohibited
Prohibited
Wyoming 90Prohibited
Allowed
Additional states may prohibit guns in all government owned buildings without specifically mentioning law enforcement stations or offices. Please see our policy page on Protecting Democracy.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Public Transit
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California91
(Sterile areas)
Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Colorado92
(Facilities only)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia93
(Vehicles only)
Prohibited
Prohibited94
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii21Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois23No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
New York28Prohibited
Prohibited

Government-Owned Land

In addition to prohibiting guns in government buildings, many states also restrict carry on government-owned land, like parks and wildlife preserves.

States that Prohibit Firearms in Public Parks
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California78Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii96Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois23No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
New JerseyProhibited
Prohibited
New York97Prohibited
Prohibited
Oklahoma98No statute prohibiting
Prohibited
Rhode Island99No statute prohibiting
Loaded rifles and shotguns, on public trails only are prohibited, except while legally hunting.
States that Prohibit Firearms in State Parks
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California100
(See footnote for exceptions)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii96Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois23No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Maine101Allowed
Prohibited
Minnesota102
(Firearms are allowed for permitted hunting. See footnote for more details)
Prohibited
Prohibited
New Mexico103
(Loaded firearms. See footnote for exceptions)
Allowed
(CCW permittees only)
Allowed
(Unloaded firearms only)
New York97 (Firearms are allowed for permitted hunting)Prohibited
Prohibited
Pennsylvania104Prohibited (Exceptions for hunting and keeping a firearm at a leased campsite, among others)
Prohibited (Exceptions for hunting and keeping a firearm at a leased campsite, among others)
Rhode Island99No relevant statute.
Loaded rifles and shotguns, on public trails only are prohibited, except while legally hunting.
South CarolinaAllowed
Prohibited (Exceptions for hunting and in areas specifically designated by the Department for the use of firearms).
Tennessee105Allowed
Likely Prohibited
Virginia106Allowed
Likely Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in State Wildlife Management Areas / Wildlife Preserves or Refuges
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama107
(People with permits to carry in parks are allowed)
Prohibited
Prohibited
California78Prohibited
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Illinois23No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Minnesota102
(Firearms are allowed for permitted hunting. See footnote for more details)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Montana108Prohibited
Prohibited
Nebraska109
(Firearms allowed for specially permitted hunting)
Prohibited
Prohibited
New Mexico110
(Firearms are allowed with a permit issued by the agency director)
Prohibited
Prohibited
North Dakota111Prohibited
Prohibited
Tennessee112
(Firearms are allowed during hunting season)
Allowed
Prohibited
(CCW permittees may be allowed)
Vermont113Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin114
(Firearms stored unloaded and encased are allowed)
Allowed
Prohibited

Private Property Open to the Public

Many states restrict carrying firearms in certain types of private property where conflict may be likely, such as bars, or in places like banks, houses of worship, or polling places where firearms may raise additional concerns. Three states restrict carry in banks. Twenty-seven states and the District of Columbia restrict carrying firearms in at least some establishments that serve alcohol. Fourteen states and DC restrict the carry of firearms in houses of worship. Twenty-one states and DC place at least some restrictions on carrying firearms at polling places.

States that Prohibit Firearms in Banks
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California115No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii116Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois23No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Michigan117Allowed
Prohibited
Nebraska118Prohibited
Allowed
States that Prohibit Firearms in Bars or Restaurants Serving Alcohol
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alaska119Prohibited
Prohibited
Arkansas120Allowed*
Allowed
Arizona121
(See our page Other Location Restrictions in Arizona for more information)
May be allowed
Prohibited
California115No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia122Prohibited
Prohibited94
Florida123Prohibited
Prohibited39
Hawaii124Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois23No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Maryland125Prohibited
Prohibited
Kentucky126
(Loaded firearms. See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Louisiana127
(See footnote for more detail)
Allowed* (those under the influence of alcohol or a controlled substance are prohibited)
Prohibited
Maine128
Allowed (unless notice is posted)
Prohibited
Michigan129Prohibited
Prohibited
Mississippi130
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Allowed
Missouri131
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Allowed
Montana132Prohibited
Allowed
New Jersey133Prohibited
Prohibited
New Mexico134Allowed*
Prohibited
New York135Prohibited
Prohibited
Nebraska 136
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Allowed
North Carolina137
(See footnote for more detail)
Allowed
Prohibited
North Dakota138
(Areas off-limits to people under 21)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio139Allowed (so long as the person is not consuming beer or intoxicating liquor or under the influence of alcohol or a drug of abuse)
Allowed (so long as the person is not consuming beer or intoxicating liquor or under the influence of alcohol or a drug of abuse)
Oklahoma140
(See footnote for more detail)
Allowed*
Allowed*
South Dakota141
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Texas142
Allowed*
Allowed*
Washington143
(Places off-limit to people under 21)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin144Allowed
Prohibited
(CCW permittees may be allowed)
Wyoming145
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Allowed
In states with an *, firearms are allowed in certain restaurants but not in bars.
Many of these states exempt CCW permittees from the ban on carrying firearms in bars and restaurants. Generally, however, these states also prohibit a person carrying a firearm from consuming alcohol while carrying.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Places of Worship
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Arkansas146Prohibited (Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
California78No statute prohibiting
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia147Prohibited
Prohibited94
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Georgia148Prohibited (unless the governing body or authority of the place of worship permits lawful weapons carriers to carry firearms on their premises)
Prohibited (unless the governing body or authority of the place of worship permits lawful weapons carriers to carry firearms on their premises)
Illinois23No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Louisiana149Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Michigan150Prohibited
Prohibited (CCW permittees may be allowed)
Mississippi151Prohibited (Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
Missouri152Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
North Dakota153Prohibited (Without approval from place of worship)
Prohibited (Without approval from place of worship)
Nebraska154
(Security personnel are allowed)
Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New York155Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio156Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
South Carolina65Prohibited
Allowed – long guns only
Utah157Allowed (Unless there is effective notice of prohibition)
No statute prohibiting
(Unless there is effective notice of prohibition)
Virginia158
(See footnote for further discussion)
Allowed*
Allowed*
Although these states prohibit firearms in houses of worship, some allow the governing body of the institution to grant general or specific permission to individuals to carry on its property.

Healthcare and Childcare Facilities

The carrying of firearms is prohibited in K-12 schools in most states across the country, many states have gone further and prohibited carrying firearms in other areas where children are frequently present. Ten states and DC prohibit carrying firearms in at least some childcare facilities.

States have also taken steps to restrict the carry of firearms in healthcare facilities to ensure the safety of patients and caregivers. Eleven states restrict carry in all hospitals, and fourteen states restrict carry in at least some facilities providing mental health care.

States that Prohibit Firearms in Day Care and Childcare Facilities
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alaska159
(See footnote for exceptions)
Prohibited
Prohibited
California78No statute prohibiting
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia160Prohibited
Prohibited94
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii161Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois23No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Kentucky46Prohibited
Allowed
Michigan162Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri163
(See footnote for exceptions)
Prohibited
Allowed
Nevada164
(See footnote for exceptions)
Prohibited
Allowed
New Jersey165Prohibited
Prohibited
New York166Prohibited
Prohibited
South Carolina65Prohibited
Allowed – long guns only
Virginia167Prohibited
Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in Residential Childcare Facilities
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California168Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii (Unless the facility is a residence providing education to the members of ones family)161Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois23No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Indiana169Prohibited
Prohibited
Michigan170Prohibited
Allowed
New York166Prohibited
Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in Hospitals
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California168Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii171Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois172
(Includes nursing homes)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Michigan173Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri174Prohibited
Allowed
Montana175Prohibited
Allowed
Nebraska136Prohibited
Allowed
New Jersey176Prohibited
Prohibited
New York166Prohibited
Prohibited
Oregon177Allowed
Prohibited
(CCW permittees may be allowed)
South Carolina178Prohibited
Allowed -long guns only
Texas179Prohibited
(Unless with written authorization from hospital admin.)
Prohibited
(Unless with written authorization from hospital admin.)
Vermont 180Prohibited
Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in Mental Health Facilities
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama181
(Inpatient facilities)
Prohibited
Prohibited
California182
No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15
No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16
No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida183Prohibited
Prohibited39
Georgia184
(State facilities that admit individuals involuntarily)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Hawaii171Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois172Prohibited
Prohibited
Minnesota185
(Certain state mental health hospitals)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Mississippi186
(Certain state mental health hospitals)
Prohibited
Prohibited
New Jersey187Prohibited
Prohibited
New York188Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio87Prohibited
Allowed
Utah189
(Secure areas)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Texas190Prohibited
Prohibited
Washington191
(Secure areas)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin192
(Secure areas)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Wyoming76
(Certain state mental health hospitals)
Prohibited
Prohibited

Entertainment Facilities and other large gatherings

Despite the rhetoric of the gun lobby, guns in public make people more likely to be shot. In large gatherings of people, especially when emotions and tensions flare, the risk of violence increases when people are armed. A 2021 study found that demonstrations involving at least one armed individual tend to be violent or destructive 16% of the time and armed demonstrations are nearly six times as likely to turn violent or destructive compared to unarmed demonstrations. The study also found that armed protests account for less than 2% of the total number of demonstrations in the US, yet they account for 10% of all violent or destructive demonstrations.193 Similarly, in amusement parks, sports venues, and other areas where large numbers of people congregate and emotions tend to run high, the presence of guns poses great risks.

Many states have taken steps to protect their residents by restricting the carry of firearms in these areas. Four states restrict carry in amusement parks. Fourteen states and DC restrict the carrying of firearms in athletic events, stadiums or arenas. Seven states restrict carry in areas where gambling is taking place. For information about firearms at demonstrations and protests, please see our policy page on Protecting Democracy..

States that Prohibit Firearms in Amusement Parks
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California78Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii194Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Illinois195Prohibited
Prohibited
Maryland125Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri196Prohibited
Allowed
New York197Prohibited
Prohibited
Texas198Prohibited
Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in Athletic Events / Stadiums or Arenas
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama199Allowed
Prohibited
Arkansas12Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
California78Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia200Prohibited
Prohibited94
Florida201Prohibited
Prohibited39
Hawaii202Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois203
(Public events where admission is charged)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Maryland125Prohibited
Prohibited
Michigan204Prohibited
Prohibited
Mississippi151Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
Missouri205Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nebraska136Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New Jersey206Prohibited
Prohibited
New York197Prohibited
Prohibited
Oklahoma207
(Firearms prohibited in any publicly owned or operated arena or venue during a professional sporting event, unless allowed by the event holder)
Prohibited (without permission)
Prohibited (without permission)
South Carolina65Prohibited at school or college athletic events
Allowed – long guns only
Texas208Prohibited
Prohibited
Wyoming 209Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
States that Prohibit Firearms in Bingo Halls and Gambling Facilities
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California78Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)15No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia16No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida95No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Illinois210Prohibited
Prohibited
Indiana211Prohibited
Prohibited
Maryland125 (Racetracks and video lotteries.)Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri212
(Riverboat gambling)
Prohibited
Allowed
New Jersey213Prohibited
Prohibited
New York197Prohibited
Prohibited
North Dakota138
(Bingo halls)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Oklahoma214
(Firearms allowed only with permission of owner)
Prohibited (without permission)
Prohibited (without permission)

Outdoor Music Festivals

Washington prohibits concealed and open carry at outdoor music festivals.215 Hawaii prohibits all firearm carry at any special event open to the public for which a permit must be obtained provided that there are signs clearly and conspicuously posted at visible places along the perimeter of the public event.216

Private Property

Recognizing the sanctity of private property rights in the American legal system, state and local governments generally give private property owners the ability to determine whether guns are allowed on their personal and commercial properties.

In recognition of this right, the following states have passed explicit laws prohibiting guns on privately owned property without express authorization by the owner, manager, or lessee of the property that guns are permitted:

Some states, however, have begun chipping away at the rights of owners to exclude guns from their properties if the properties are commercial or open to the public. States have encroached on private property rights by either requiring property owners to allow employees or customers to store their firearms in cars parked on the owner’s parking lot, or by immunizing property owners from liability for acts committed with firearms on their properties only if the owner allows firearms.

New York and Maryland, by contrast, have emphasized the rights of private property owners by prohibiting the carrying of guns onto private property unless a sign has been posted permitting firearms, or such permission has otherwise been communicated.220

Parking Lots

In addition to requiring private property owners to allow employees or customers to store guns in their vehicles in the owner’s parking lots, many of the states listed below also require private property owners who wish to exclude guns from their properties to post notice of the exclusion according to specifications.221

States that Require Property Owners to Allow the Storage of Guns in Cars in their Parking Lots
StateEveryone can store guns in vehicles in parking lotsPeople with concealed carry permits can store guns in vehicles in parking lots
Employees can store guns in vehicles in parking lots
Alabama222
Yes
Alaska223Yes
Arizona224Yes
Arkansas225Yes
Yes
Florida226Yes
Georgia227
Yes
Illinois228Yes
Indiana229
Yes
Kansas230
Yes
Kentucky231Yes
Louisiana232Yes (with some exceptions)
Maine233
Only those with CCW permits
Minnesota234Yes
Mississippi235Yes (does not apply in parking lots with restricted access)
Missouri236
State employees only
Nebraska237Yes
North Carolina238Yes
North Dakota239Yes
Ohio240Yes
Oklahoma241Yes
Tennessee242YesYes
Yes
Texas243
Yes
Utah244Yes
Virginia245
Localities cannot prohibit employees from storing firearms in vehicles.
West Virginia246Yes
Wisconsin247Yes

Civil Liability Immunity as an Incentive to Allow Guns

In order to incentivize property owners to allow guns, some states have passed laws immunizing property owners from liability for any harms resulting from guns being allowed on their property.

  • Arkansas (Immunizes property owners from civil liability for harms that result from allowing firearms on their property. Effective August 2023.)248
  • Idaho (Employers who allow firearms in vehicles are immune)249
  • Kansas (A property owner who allows concealed handguns or provides adequate signage and security to prevent the unauthorized carrying of concealed handguns is immune from liability for any wrongful act or omission relating to the use of such handguns)250
  • Oklahoma251
  • Tennessee252
  • Texas253
  • West Virginia254

Key Legislative Elements

  • The features listed below are intended to provide a framework from which policy options may be considered. A jurisdiction considering new legislation should consult with counsel.
  • All individuals are prohibited from carrying firearms in areas where the presence of guns is particularly dangerous or likely to have the effect of chilling free expression and free speech, such as in polling places, hospitals, government meetings, and courthouses.
  • Resist the expansion of, or repeal, laws that require property owners to allow guns on privately-owned properties or that waive civil liability for property owners as an incentive to allow guns on private property.

  1. Louis Klarevas, Rampage Nation: Securing America from Mass Shootings (Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books, 2016).[]
  2. Paul M. Reeping et al., “Gun-free zones and active shootings in the United States: a matched case-control study.” The Lancet Regional Health–Americas 37 (2024).[]
  3. 18 USC § 930(a), (g)(1). The prohibition does not extend to “the lawful carrying of firearms or other dangerous weapons in a Federal facility incident to hunting or other lawful purposes.” § 930(d); see alsohttps://www.dhs.gov/faq-regarding-items-prohibited-federal-property.[]
  4. 39 CFR § 232.1; Bonidy v. United States Postal Serv., 790 F.3d 1121.[]
  5. 49 CFR §§ 1540.111, 1540.5.[]
  6. 49 USC § 46505.[]
  7. 40 USC § 5104(e)(1)(A).[]
  8. 18 U.S.C. § 922(q)(2)(A).[][]
  9. 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)(25)-(26).[]
  10. 48 Fed. Reg. 30, 252 (June 30, 1983), codified at 36 C.F.R. § 2.4(a)(2) and 49 Fed. Reg. 18,444 (April 30, 1984), codified at 50 C.F.R. § 27.42(e).[]
  11. 73 Fed. Reg. 74,966, 74,972 (Dec. 10, 2008), amending 36 C.F.R. § 2.4, 50 C.F.R. § 27.42.[]
  12. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306.[][][]
  13. Cal. Penal Code §§ 171.5, 26350, 25850, 26400(a).[]
  14. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850.[][]
  15. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
  16. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[][][][][][][][][][][][]
  17. D.C. Code § 22-4504.01.[][]
  18. Fla. Stat. Ann. §§ 790.053, 790.06(12)(a)(14).[]
  19. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053(1).[]
  20. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-130.2.[]
  21. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(13).[][]
  22. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(19).[]
  23. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[][][][][][][][][][][][]
  24. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 259.80f(1)(a).[]
  25. Mont. Code Ann. § 45-8-356.[][]
  26. Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 202.3673.[]
  27. N.J. Stat. § 2C:58-4.6.[][]
  28. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(n).[][]
  29. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01(1).[]
  30. Or. Rev. Stat. § 166.370(1)(b). A person may possesses a firearm in the passenger terminal of a commercial service airport if the firearm is unloaded and in a locked hard-sided container for the purposes of transporting the firearm as checked baggage in accordance with federal law. Id. at (3)(k).[]
  31. Or. Rev. Stat. § 166.370(3)(g). Prohibited only within the passenger terminal of a commercial service airport with over one million passengers per boardings per year.[]
  32. Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-287.01.[]
  33. Ala. Code § 13A-11-61.2(a)(4). This prohibition includes the District Attorney office building.[]
  34. Ark. Code Ann. §§ 5-73-122 (a)(3)(D);Ark. Code. Ann. §5-73-306 (contains exceptions for those who are employed by the county, are a countywide elected official, or a justice of the peace.).[]
  35. Alaska Stat. § 11.61.220(a)(4)(B).[]
  36. Cal. Penal Code §§ 171b, 26350, 25850, 26400(a).[]
  37. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  38. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(12).[]
  39. Fla. Stat. § 790.053(1).[][][][][]
  40. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-127(b).[]
  41. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. 134-9.1(1).[]
  42. Idaho Code Ann. § 18-3302C.[]
  43. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 66/65.[]
  44. Kan. Stat. Ann. § 21-6309(a)(5).[]
  45. Id. at (d)(4).[]
  46. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 237.110(16).[][][]
  47. Id. (“Any courthouse, solely occupied by the Court of Justice courtroom or court proceeding.”).[]
  48. La. Rev. Stat. § 40:1379.3(N).[]
  49. Me. Rev. Stat., tit. 17-A, § 1058(1), (2).[]
  50. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 750.234d(1)(c), (2)(c).[]
  51. Minn. Stat. § 609.66, subd. 1g(a).[]
  52. Miss. Code Ann. §§ 45-9-101(13), 97-37-7(2).[]
  53. Enhanced CCW permittees can carry in courthouses during proceedings. Judges may also carry and determine who else may do so in their courtroom. Id.[]
  54. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(4).[]
  55. N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 159:19(I).[]
  56. N.M. Stat. Ann. § 29-19-11.[]
  57. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 28-1202.01.[]
  58. Nev. Admin. Code § 202.020(1)(3).[]
  59. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(a).[][]
  60. N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 14-415.11(c)(2), § 14-269.4.[]
  61. Ohio Rev. Code §§ 2923.123; 2923.126(B)(3).[]
  62. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21 § 1277(A)(2).[]
  63. Or. Rev. Stat. § 166.370(2), (3)(g).[]
  64. 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann. § 913.[]
  65. S.C. Code Ann. § 16-23-20.[][][][][]
  66. Long guns are not included within the definition of “concealable weapon” under S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-210 (“Firearm[s] having a length of less than twelve inches measured along its greatest dimension that may be carried openly on one’s person or in a manner hidden from public view in normal wear of clothing except when needed for self defense, defense of others, and the protection of real or personal property.”).[]
  67. 2021 S.C. H.B. 3094.[]
  68. S.D. Codified Laws § 22-14-23.[]
  69. Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-17-1306(a).[]
  70. Tex. Penal Code § 46.03 (a)(3).[]
  71. Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 13, § 4016(b).[]
  72. Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-283.1.[]
  73. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 9.41.300(1)(b).[]
  74. W. Va. Code § 61-7-11a(g)(1).[]
  75. Wis. Stat. § 175.60(16)(a)(6)-(7).[]
  76. Wyo. Stat. § 6-5-209.[][]
  77. Ala. Code § 13A-11-61.2(a)(1).[]
  78. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[][][][][][][][]
  79. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(12)(2).[]
  80. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(3).[]
  81. La. Rev. Stat. § 40:1379.3(N)(1).[]
  82. Miss. Code. Ann. §97-37-7(2).[]
  83. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(1).[]
  84. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-415.11(c).[]
  85. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441(1)(a).[]
  86. Nev. Admin. Code § 202.020(1)(1).[]
  87. Ohio Rev. Code § 2923.126(B)(1).[][]
  88. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 9.41.300(1)(a).[]
  89. Wis. Stat. § 175.60(16)(a)(1).[]
  90. Wyo. Stat. § 6-8-104(t)(i).[]
  91. Cal. Penal Code § 171.7.[]
  92. Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-9-118.[]
  93. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(a)(6).[]
  94. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504(a).[][][][][]
  95. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[][][][][][][][][][][]
  96. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(9).[][]
  97. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(d).[][]
  98. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21 § 1277(E). This applies to parks that are managed by public trust or a nonprofit entity.[]
  99. 11-47-51. Limited.[][]
  100. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 14, § 4313. Hunting is exempt. Unloaded weapons stored in temporary lodging or conveyance are exempt when stored in a manner that will prevent their ready use.[]
  101. Me. Stat., 17-A § 1057.[]
  102. Minn. Stat. § 97A.091, subd.1(1). Does not apply to unloaded firearms that are broken down or stored in a case. When allowed by the commissioner, firearms used for hunting are exempt from this prohibition.[][]
  103. N.M. Code R. § 19.5.2.21. Exceptions to the general prohibition include: Licensed hunters during hunting season in designated areas and firearms carried in a private means of conveyance for lawful protection.[]
  104. 17 Pa. Code § 11.215(4).[]
  105. Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-17-1311[]
  106. Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-287.4[]
  107. Ala. Code § 9-11-304.[]
  108. Mont. Code Ann. § 87-5-401.[]
  109. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 37-708(b), 37-712. Those traveling through on the highway or in trains are exempt. Those with special hunting permits are exempt.[]
  110. N.M. Stat. Ann. § 17-2-12.[]
  111. N.D. Cent. Code § 20.1-11-13(3).[]
  112. Tenn. Code Ann. § 70-4-117(a).[]
  113. Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 10, § 5204, 5226(c).[]
  114. Wis. Stat. § 29.089(2), 29.091.[]
  115. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26400(a).[][]
  116. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(12).[]
  117. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 750.234d(1).[]
  118. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441(a).[]
  119. Alaska Stat. § 11.61.220(a)(2).[]
  120. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306(11). Arkansas also bans weapons in establishments that sell alcohol for consumption off premises Ark. Code Ann. § 3-4-403(21).[]
  121. Ariz. Rev. Stat. §§ 4-229(A), 4-244(29)-(30).[]
  122. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(a)(7).[]
  123. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(12)(a)(12).[]
  124. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(4).[]
  125. Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 4-111(e).[][][][]
  126. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 244.125(1). This restriction does not apply in restaurants that seat at least 50 and earn at least 50% of their income from food.[]
  127. La. Rev. Stat. § 14:95.5. CCW permittees may only carry in restaurants with a class A restaurant permit.[]
  128. Me. Stat., 17-A § 1057(1).[]
  129. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 28.425o(1), 750.234d.[]
  130. Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-101(13). This prohibition applies to areas within an establishment which are primarily devoted to the service of alcohol.[]
  131. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(7). Concealed carry permit holders are exempt from this prohibition in restaurants that can seat at least 50, and earn at least 51% of their income from food.[]
  132. Mont. Code Ann. § 45-8-328[]
  133. N.J. Stat. § 2C:58-4.6(15).[]
  134. N.M. Stat. Ann. § 30-7-3(A).[]
  135. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(0).[]
  136. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441.[][][]
  137. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-269.3.[]
  138. N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-02-04.[][]
  139. Ohio Rev. Code §§ 2923.121(B)(1)(e), 2923.126(B)(4).[]
  140. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21, § 1272.1; 2021 OK HB 646. Oklahoma amended its law in 2021, effective November 1, 2021, to repeal provisions that previously generally restricted people without valid handgun licenses from carrying firearms in any establishment where alcoholic beverages are consumed. The law passed in 2021 affirmatively states that it is lawful for a person to carry or possess firearms, whether openly or concealed, in any restaurant or other establishment licensed to dispense alcoholic beverages where the sale of alcoholic beverages does not constitute the primary purpose of the business, although the law also states that it shall not be interpreted to authorize any person in actual physical possession of a weapon to consume alcoholic beverages in such an establishment.

    The new law prohibits people from carrying or possessing a firearm in any establishment where the sale of alcoholic beverages constitutes the primary purpose of the business, unless they are the owner or proprietor of the establishment or are an employee who has permission from the owner or proprietor to carry or possess a weapon in the scope and course of their employment.[]
  141. S.D. Codified Laws § 23-7-70. This prohibition includes establishments where alcohol is sold for consumption off the premises.[]
  142. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(7); 46.035(b)(1). Texas law generally prohibits people from carrying firearms of any type on the premises of a bar or restaurant that has a liquor license, if the business makes at least 51% of its income from the sale or service of alcoholic beverages for on-premises consumption. Texas generally prohibits open carry of handguns in public spaces as well, unless the handgun is carried in a holster; open carry of long guns is generally permitted, subject to the restriction on firearms in liquor establishments that derive at least 51% of their income from on-beverage alcohol consumption.[]
  143. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 9.41.300(1).[]
  144. Wis. Stat. § 941.237(2).[]
  145. Wyo. Stat. § 6-8-104(t)(vii).The prohibition applies to areas of establishments primarily devoted to dispensing alcohol.[]
  146. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306(15).[]
  147. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(b).[]
  148. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-127(b)(4).[]
  149. La. Rev. Stat. § 40:1379.3(N)(8).[]
  150. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. §§ 28.425o(1)(e), 750.234d(1).[]
  151. Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-101(13).[][]
  152. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(14). Firearms stored in vehicles are exempt.[]
  153. N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-02-05(1), (2)(l). The primary religious leader or governing body of a place of worship may approve an individual or group of individuals to carry firearms “through a policy or any other means,” if such individuals have a CCW permit or are otherwise eligible to carry handguns under North Dakota’s permitless carry law.[]
  154. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441(a), (c). The governing body can only grant permission to carry firearms to security personnel who have concealed carry licenses. If the place of worship allows armed security, they must provide written notice to the congregation.[]
  155. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(c).[]
  156. Ohio Rev. Code § 2923.126(B)(6).[]
  157. Utah Code Ann. §§ 76-10-530, 53-5-710.[]
  158. While Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-283 prohibits firearms in houses of worship absent a “good and sufficient reason,” a controlling opinion of the attorney general states that carrying a weapon for personal protection constitutes a good and sufficient reason 2011 Va. AG LEXIS 23.[]
  159. Alaska Stat. § 11.61.220(a)(4)(A). Firearms enclosed in the trunk of or in a closed container contained within a motor vehicle are exempt if the person in possession of the firearm(s) is 21 or over.[]
  160. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(a)(2).[]
  161. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(8).[][]
  162. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. §§ 28.425o(1), 750.234d(1). []
  163. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(11). Operators of childcare facilities in a family home are exempt.[]
  164. Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 202.3673, 202.265. The owners of childcare facilities are exempt if they reside in the home and follow all applicable firearms laws.[]
  165. N.J. Stat. § 2C:58-4.6(8).[]
  166. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(e).[][][]
  167. Va. CodeAnn. § 18.2-308.1 .[]
  168. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[][]
  169. 465 Ind. Admin. Code 2-9-80(b)(3), 2-10-79(b)(3) , 2-11-80(b)(3), 2-12-78(b)(3), 2-13-77(b)(3).[]
  170. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 28.425o(1)(b).[]
  171. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(2).[][]
  172. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(7).[][]
  173. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. §§ 28.425o(1), 750.234d(1) .[]
  174. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1 (17). Firearms are allowed in vehicles on premises.[]
  175. 2021 HB 102, amending Title 45, Chapter 8, Part 3.[]
  176. N.J. Stat. § 2C:58-4.6(21).[]
  177. Or. Rev. Stat. § 166.370.[]
  178. S.C. Code Ann. § 16-23-20[]
  179. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(11); 46.035(b)(4).[]
  180. 13 V.S.A. § 4023 (added by 2022 VT SB 4).[]
  181. Ala. Code § 13A-11-61.2(3).[]
  182. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  183. Fla. Stat. § 394.458.[]
  184. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-127(b)(5).[]
  185. Minn. Stat. § 243.55, subd. 1.[]
  186. Miss. Code Ann. § 41-19-261(c).[]
  187. N.J. Stat. § 2C:58-4.6(21),(22).[]
  188. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(i); N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 14, §§ 542.5.[]
  189. Utah Code Ann. § 76-8-311.3(4)(d).[]
  190. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(1), (a)(12); 46.035(b)(4), (b)(6).[]
  191. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. §§ 9.41.300(1)(c), 72.23.300.[]
  192. Wis. Stat. § 175.60(16)(5).[]
  193. Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund and the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project, “Armed Assembly: Guns, Demonstrations, and Political Violence in America,” Aug. 23, 2021, https://everytownresearch.org/report/armed-assembly-guns-demonstrations-and-political-violence-in-america/.[]
  194. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(14).[]
  195. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(20).[]
  196. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(13). Firearms are allowed if secured in a vehicle.[]
  197. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(p).[][][]
  198. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(13); 46.035(b)(5).[]
  199. Ala. Code § 13A-11-61.2(a)(5),(6).[]
  200. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(8).[]
  201. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(9).[]
  202. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(5).[]
  203. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(8), A more specific prohibition on carrying firearms in stadiums and at athletic events applies to concealed carry permittees: 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65 (a)(17).[]
  204. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. §§ 750.234d(1), 28.425o(1)(c). The section restricting concealed carry prohibits only concealed handguns. An additional restriction in this section prohibits concealed handguns at ‘entertainment facilities’ with a capacity of at least 2,500.[]
  205. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(16). Firearms stored in vehicles are exempt.[]
  206. N.J. Stat. § 2C:58-4.6(11),(17).[]
  207. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21 § 1277(A)(4).[]
  208. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(8); 46.035(b)(2).[]
  209. Wyo. Stat. § 6-8-104(t).[]
  210. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(16).[]
  211. 68 Ind. Admin. Code 1-7-1.[]
  212. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(12). Guns stored in vehicles are exempt.[]
  213. N.J. Stat. § 2C:58-4.6(17),(18).[]
  214. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21 § 1277(A).[]
  215. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 70.108.150.[]
  216. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(15).[]
  217. N.J. Stat. Ann. § C.2C:58-4.6(24).[]
  218. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-d(1[]
  219. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.5.[]
  220. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-d; Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 6-411(d).[]
  221. See, Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 69-2441(2).[]
  222. Ala. Code § 13A-11-90(b).[]
  223. Alaska Stat. § 18.65.800(a).[]
  224. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-781(A).[]
  225. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306(18)(B); 11-5-117.[]
  226. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.251(4)(a).[]
  227. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-135(b).[]
  228. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 66/65(a-10), (b).[]
  229. Ind. Code Ann. § 35-47-2-1(d)(2).[]
  230. Kan. Stat. Ann. § 75-7c10(b)(1).[]
  231. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 237.106(1).[]
  232. La. Rev. Stat. §§ 32:292.1(A), (B), (C). If possession of a firearm on the property is otherwise prohibited by state or federal law, then firearms are still prohibited in parking lots. Private parking lots can restrict gun in cars if they restrict general access to the parking lot and provide other alternatives for firearm storage or parking.[]
  233. Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 26, § 600(1).[]
  234. Minn. Stat. §§ 624.714, subd. 17(c), (d).[]
  235. Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-55(1), (2).[]
  236. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.030(6).[]
  237. Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 69-2441(3). Does not apply in parking areas for zones where carrying a gun is federally prohibited.[]
  238. N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 14-269.2(k), 14-269.4(6).[]
  239. N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-02-13(1)(a).[]
  240. Ohio Rev. Code Ann. §§ 2923.1210(A).[]
  241. Okla. Stat. tit. 21, §§ 1290.22(B), 1277(B).[]
  242. Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 39-17-1313, 50-1-312(b).[]
  243. Tex. Lab. Code § 52.061. See also, Tex. Educ. Code § 37.0815.[]
  244. Utah Code Ann. § 34-45-103. Firearms can be prohibited in parking areas if the proprietor provides gun storage or an alternative parking location within a reasonable distance.[]
  245. Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-915(A).[]
  246. W. Va. Code §§ 8-12-5a(c)(3), 61-7-14(d).[]
  247. Wis. Stat. § 943.13(1m)(c).[]
  248. Ark. Code Ann. § 16-131-104.[]
  249. Idaho Code § 5-341.[]
  250. Kan. Stat. Ann. § 75-7c10(c).[]
  251. Okla. Stat. tit. 21, § 1290.22(F).[]
  252. Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-17-1325.[]
  253. Tex. Lab. Code § 52.063.[]
  254. W. Va. Code § 61-7-14.[]